Alexander Zubkov stepped down as Russian Bobsleigh Federation President following his two-year ban ©Getty Images

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) has upheld the original the decision to ban Alexander Zubkov and three other Russian athletes for two years.

Zubkov was forced to step down as Russian Bobsleigh Federation (RBF) President as a result of the suspension issued by the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF) in January 2019.

The 46-year-old was sanctioned by the IBSF alongside Alexander Kasjanov, Aleksei Pushkarev and Ilvir Khuzin after they were implicated in the Sochi 2014 doping scandal.

The four athletes appealed to reduce the sentence while the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) wanted to increase it to four years.

But CAS dismissed the appeals of both sides and confirmed the decision by the IBSF Hearing Panel on January 16, 2019 "in its entirety".

The IBSF had earlier accepted an earlier CAS ruling that the athletes had been part of Russia's state-sponsored doping programme, which had led to the bans being imposed.

Zubkov's suspension is set to end on December 18 this year.

"The athletes and WADA submitted separate requests for CAS arbitration which were consolidated and referred to the same panel of arbitrators," a statement from CAS read.

"WADA sought an increased sanction based on aggravating circumstances, whereas the Athletes sought a reduction in the length of the period of ineligibility/disqualification of results."

Alexander Zubkov, Aleksander Pushkarev,
Aleksander Kasyanov, and Ilvir Khuzin were found to have been involved in the Sochi 2014 doping scandal ©Getty Images
Alexander Zubkov, Aleksander Pushkarev, Aleksander Kasyanov, and Ilvir Khuzin were found to have been involved in the Sochi 2014 doping scandal ©Getty Images

The ban comes after they were accused of anti-doping violations in Sochi, where Russia was found to have run a campaign of sample swapping and cheating.

CAS say the athletes were found to have committed an anti-doping rule violation of the use of a prohibited substance and the use of a prohibited method (urine substitution) in violation of Article 2.2 of the 2009 IBSF Anti-Doping Rules.

They were sanctioned with a two-year period of ineligibility commencing on start date of their provisional suspension in December 2018 and the disqualification of all competitive results from February 2014.

Zubkov carried Russia's flag at the Opening Ceremony of Sochi 2014 and won the gold medals in the two and four-man bobsleigh.

But the International Olympic Committee found him guilty of doping in 2017 and stripped him of his medals.

The suspensions of Kasjanov, Aleksei Pushkarev and Ilvir Khuzin, who originally won bronze in the four-man bobsleigh in Sochi, along with Zukov, were before their medals were taken away, are due to end on December 12. 

As well as being barred from competition, the IBSF's two-year bans also covers work as an official, director, officer, employee or volunteer at a national governing body. 

This meant Zubkov lost his role as head of the RBF, with Elena Anikina elected as President in March 2019.